A hidden immune backup system could supercharge mRNA cancer vaccines

The success of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic transformed vaccine science. Now, the same Nobel Prize winning technology is being adapted to fight cancer, with experimental mRNA vaccines already being tested against melanoma, small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, and several other cancers. Researchers hope these vaccines could eventually provide powerful new ways to prevent and treat the disease.

A vitamin A discovery is changing what scientists know about vision

Scientists at Johns Hopkins University have uncovered how humans develop sharp central vision before birth, identifying a carefully timed interaction between a vitamin A derived molecule and thyroid hormones in the retina. The discovery challenges a decades old explanation for how key light sensing cells form and could guide future treatments for macular degeneration, glaucoma, and other diseases that damage vision.

Quantum mechanics once baffled scientists. Now it's changing the world

For much of the early 20th century, quantum mechanics was one of the most puzzling ideas in science. The theory challenged conventional thinking and left even leading physicists struggling to make sense of its implications. A century later, it has become the foundation of technologies that influence daily life, including lasers, microchips, secure communications, and emerging quantum computers.

Scientists may have finally found how Alzheimer's spreads through the brain

Alzheimer's disease is marked by the buildup of a toxic protein called Tau, which damages and eventually kills brain cells. As this harmful protein moves into new areas of the brain, the disease progresses, leading to worsening memory loss and cognitive decline.

Scientists say creatine may help fight depression

Creatine is one of the world's most popular sports supplements, widely used to improve strength and muscle performance. Now, researchers are exploring whether it could have benefits far beyond the gym. A new systematic review published in Brain Medicine examined whether creatine might help relieve depression by supporting the brain's energy needs.

New calculator reveals whether you should really worry about statin side effects

Researchers at the University of Oxford have created a new calculator that estimates a person's individual risk of developing serious muscle disorders while taking statins. The tool is designed to help patients and doctors make more informed decisions about these commonly prescribed cholesterol lowering medications, which are widely used to prevent heart attacks and strokes.

USC scientists just unlocked an endless supply of cancer-fighting immune cells

Scientists at USC Stem Cell have developed a new method for creating a renewable and expandable supply of immune cell precursors that could help advance cancer immunotherapy and other treatments.

Scientists discover an unexpected way to make pancreatic cancer cells self-destruct

A study published in Oncotarget is highlighting a promising new approach to fighting pancreatic cancer. The paper, titled "The anticancer effects of PCAIs in pancreatic cancer cells involve MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways hyperactivation," was led by first author Kweku Ofosu-Asante and corresponding author Nazarius S. Lamango of the Florida A&M University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health in Tallahassee, Florida.

What's New on MedlinePlus

October 16, 2024

Two New Medical Tests Added to MedlinePlus

Two new medical tests are now available on MedlinePlus:

Calprotectin Stool Test

This test measures a protein, calprotectin, in your stool (poop). High levels are a sign of inflammation in your intestines that may cause severe diarrhea.